Goals and objectives: Understand the propagation of solar transients through the space between the Sun and the Earth, and develop space weather prediction capability.
Questions: How do coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and corotating interaction regions (CIRs) propagate and evolve, drive shocks and accelerate energetic particles in the heliosphere?
Data/theory/modeling: Establish a database of Earth -affecting solar transient events including CMEs, CIRs, flares, and energetic particle events based on remote sensing and in-situ observations from an array of spacecraft, run observation campaigns such as MiniMax24, develop empirical, theoretical, and numerical models of CME propagation and prediction, validate models using observations.
Anticipated outcome: A comprehensive database of Earth -affecting solar transients will be created, and space weather prediction capability will be significantly improved.
Co-leaders: Jie Zhang (USA), Manuela Temmer (Austria), Nat Gopalswamy (USA)